I am using 2-1/2" schedule 80 electrical conduit because it is being run along/under my property's dirt access road. From the research I have done and reading fill charts it looks like I can use either schedule 40 or 80 in 2-1/2". I just want to make sure it will meet requirements for fill without any question. Or, do I really need schedule 80?
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According to table C.9 referenced in this answer, 2-1/2" Schedule 80 can handle up to 5 x 4/0 conductors, so you're fine even for a full hot/hot/neutral/ground (and ground definitely doesn't need to be as big).
Actually, it isn't exactly like that. 4/0-4/0-4/0-2/0 cable probably takes a bit more than the individual wires, but is relatively round (which helps) and I found plenty of references to running it through 2" conduit, so 2-1/2" gives you a little more room to work with.
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